Me yasa aikin igiyoyi na photovoltaic yana da mahimmanci?Sau da yawa ana fallasa igiyoyi na photovoltaic zuwa hasken rana, kuma ana amfani da tsarin makamashin hasken rana a cikin yanayi mai tsauri, kamar yanayin zafi mai zafi da hasken ultraviolet.A Turai, ranakun rana za su haifar da zafin jiki na tsarin makamashin rana ya kai 100 ° C.
A halin yanzu, abubuwa daban-daban da za mu iya amfani da su sun haɗa da PVC, roba, TPE da kayan haɗin giciye masu inganci, amma abin takaici, igiyoyin robar da aka ƙididdige su a 90 ° C har ma da igiyoyin PVC masu daraja a 70 ° C ana amfani da su a waje.Don adana farashi, yawancin ƴan kwangila ba su zaɓi igiyoyi na musamman don tsarin makamashin hasken rana ba, amma zaɓi igiyoyin PVC na yau da kullun don maye gurbin igiyoyi na hotovoltaic.Babu shakka, wannan zai shafi rayuwar sabis na tsarin sosai.
Halaye na igiyoyi na photovoltaic an ƙaddara su ta hanyar haɗin kebul na musamman da kayan sheath, wanda muke kira PE mai haɗin gwiwa.Bayan haskakawa ta hanyar haɓakar iska, tsarin kwayoyin halitta na kayan kebul zai canza, ta yadda zai samar da nau'o'in ayyukansa daban-daban.
Juriya ga kayan aikin injiniya A gaskiya ma, yayin shigarwa da kulawa, za a iya yin amfani da igiyoyi a kan gefuna masu kaifi na gine-ginen rufin, kuma igiyoyin dole ne su yi tsayayya da matsa lamba, lankwasa, tashin hankali, ƙetaren giciye da tasiri mai karfi.Idan kullin kebul ɗin ba shi da ƙarfi sosai, layin rufin kebul ɗin zai lalace sosai, don haka yana shafar rayuwar sabis na kebul gabaɗaya, ko haifar da matsaloli kamar gajeriyar kewayawa, wuta da rauni na sirri.
Ayyukan igiyoyi na hotovoltaic
Kayan lantarki
juriya na DC
A DC juriya na conductive core na ƙãre na USB a 20 ℃ bai fi 5.09Ω/km.
Gwajin nutsarwar ruwa
Kebul ɗin da aka gama (20m) yana nutsewa cikin (20± 5) ℃ ruwa na 1h sannan a gwada ƙarfin lantarki na 5min (AC 6.5kV ko DC 15kV) ba tare da lalacewa ba.
Tsawon wutar lantarki na DC na dogon lokaci
Samfurin yana da tsayin 5m kuma an sanya shi a cikin (85 ± 2) ℃ ruwa mai narkewa wanda ke dauke da 3% sodium chloride (NaCl) don (240 ± 2) h, tare da duka iyakar da aka fallasa zuwa saman ruwa don 30cm.Ana amfani da wutar lantarki na DC na 0.9kV tsakanin tsakiya da ruwa (an haɗa ginshiƙan gudanarwa zuwa madaidaicin sandar ruwa kuma an haɗa ruwan zuwa sandar mara kyau).Bayan fitar da samfurin, ana yin gwajin wutar lantarki na nutsewar ruwa.Gwajin gwajin shine AC 1kV, kuma ba a buƙatar rushewa.
Juriya na rufi
A rufi juriya na ƙãre na USB a 20 ℃ ne ba kasa da 1014Ω˙cm, da kuma rufi juriya na ƙãre na USB a 90 ℃ ne ba kasa da 1011Ω˙cm.
Sheath surface juriya
Juriya na farfajiyar da aka gama na USB bai kamata ya zama ƙasa da 109Ω ba.
Sauran kaddarorin
Gwajin zafin zafi mai girma (GB/T 2951.31-2008)
Zazzabi (140 ± 3) ℃, lokaci 240min, k = 0.6, zurfin indentation bai wuce 50% na jimlar kauri na rufi da kwasfa ba.Kuma ana yin gwajin wutar lantarki na AC6.5kV, 5min, kuma ba a buƙatar rushewa.
Gwajin zafi jika
Ana sanya samfurin a cikin yanayi tare da zafin jiki na 90 ℃ da zafi na dangi na 85% don 1000h.Bayan sanyaya zuwa dakin zafin jiki, canjin canjin ƙarfin ƙarfi shine ≤-30% kuma canjin canjin elongation a hutu shine ≤-30% idan aka kwatanta da kafin gwajin.
Gwajin juriya na Acid da alkali (GB/T 2951.21-2008)
Rukunin samfurori guda biyu sun nutse a cikin maganin oxalic acid tare da maida hankali na 45g/L da sodium hydroxide bayani tare da maida hankali na 40g/L, bi da bi, a zazzabi na 23 ℃ na 168h.Idan aka kwatanta da kafin nutsewa a cikin bayani, canjin canjin ƙarfin ƙarfi ya kasance ≤± 30%, kuma elongation a hutu ya kasance ≥100%.
Gwajin dacewa
Bayan da kebul ɗin ya tsufa don 7 × 24h a (135 ± 2) ℃, canjin canjin ƙarfin ƙarfi kafin da kuma bayan tsufa tsufa shine ≤ ± 30%, kuma canjin canjin elongation a hutu shine ≤± 30%;canjin canjin ƙarfin ƙarfi kafin da bayan tsufa na sheath shine ≤-30%, kuma canjin canjin elongation a hutu shine ≤ ± 30%.
Gwajin tasirin ƙarancin zafin jiki (8.5 a GB/T 2951.14-2008)
Cooling zafin jiki -40 ℃, lokaci 16h, sauke nauyi 1000g, tasiri block taro 200g, drop tsawo 100mm, babu bayyane fasa a kan surface.
Gwajin lanƙwasawa ƙananan zafin jiki (8.2 a GB/T 2951.14-2008)
Cooling zafin jiki (-40 ± 2) ℃, lokaci 16h, gwajin sanda diamita 4 ~ 5 sau na waje diamita na USB, 3 ~ 4 jũya, babu bayyane fasa a kan kwasfa surface bayan gwajin.
Gwajin juriya na ozone
Tsawon samfurin shine 20cm kuma an sanya shi a cikin akwati mai bushewa don 16h.Diamita na sandan gwajin da aka yi amfani da shi a gwajin lankwasawa shine (2± 0.1) sau da yawa diamita na waje na kebul.Gwajin gwajin: zazzabi (40 ± 2) ℃, dangi zafi (55 ± 5)%, ozone maida hankali (200± 50) × 10-6%, iska kwarara: 0.2 ~ 0.5 sau da gwajin dakin girma / min.Ana sanya samfurin a cikin dakin gwaji don 72 hours.Bayan gwajin, kada a sami fashewar gani a saman kube.
Gwajin juriyar yanayi/ultraviolet
Kowane sake zagayowar: watering na 18 minutes, xenon fitila bushewa na 102 minutes, zafin jiki (65 ± 3) ℃, dangi zafi 65%, m ikon karkashin kalaman 300 ~ 400nm: (60 ± 2) W / m2.Bayan sa'o'i 720, ana yin gwajin lanƙwasawa a cikin zafin jiki.Diamita na sandan gwajin shine sau 4 ~ 5 na waje diamita na kebul.Bayan gwajin, kada a sami fashewar gani a saman kube.
Gwajin shigar ciki mai ƙarfi
Ƙarƙashin zafin jiki, saurin yanke 1N / s, adadin gwaje-gwaje na yanke: 4 sau, duk lokacin da aka ci gaba da samfurin gwajin, dole ne ya ci gaba da 25mm kuma ya juya 90 ° agogon agogo kafin a ci gaba.Yi rikodin ƙarfin shigar shigar F lokacin da allurar karfen bazara ta tuntuɓar wayar tagulla, kuma matsakaicin ƙimar shine ≥150˙Dn1/2 N (4mm2 giciye Dn=2.5mm)
Juriya
Ɗauki sassa 3 na samfurori, kowane sashi yana da 25mm baya, kuma yin 4 dents a 90 ° juyawa, zurfin haƙori shine 0.05mm kuma yana tsaye zuwa ga jagoran jan karfe.An sanya sassan 3 na samfurori a cikin -15 ℃, dakin da zazzabi, da kuma + 85 ℃ gwaje-gwaje na 3h, sa'an nan kuma rauni a kan mandrel a cikin ɗakunan gwajin su.Diamita na mandrel shine (3± 0.3) sau mafi ƙarancin diamita na kebul.Akalla daraja ɗaya na kowane samfurin yana waje.Ba a sami raguwa ba yayin gwajin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na AC0.3kV.
Gwajin shrinkage zafi na Sheath (11 a GB/T 2951.13-2008)
Ana yanke samfurin zuwa tsayin L1 = 300mm, an sanya shi a cikin tanda 120 ℃ na 1h, sannan a fitar da shi kuma a sanyaya zuwa zafin jiki.Maimaita wannan zagayowar zafi da sanyi sau 5, kuma a ƙarshe sanyaya zuwa zafin jiki.Ana buƙatar ƙimar rage zafin samfurin ya zama ≤2%.
Gwajin konewa a tsaye
Bayan da ƙãre na USB da aka sanya a (60 ± 2) ℃ for 4h, a tsaye konewa gwajin kayyade a GB/T 18380.12-2008 ne da za'ayi.
Gwajin abun ciki na Halogen
PH da kuma conductivity
Samfurin jeri: 16h, zazzabi (21 ~ 25) ℃, zafi (45 ~ 55)%.Samfura guda biyu, kowanne (1000 ± 5) MG, an murƙushe su zuwa ƙwayoyin da ke ƙasa 0.1mg.Yawan kwararar iska (0.0157˙D2) l˙h-1 ± 10%, nisa tsakanin jirgin ruwan konewa da gefen ingantaccen wurin dumama tanderun shine ≥300mm, zazzabi a cikin jirgin konewa dole ne ≥935 ℃, kuma zafin jiki a 300m nesa da jirgin ruwan konewa (tare da jagorancin iska) dole ne ya zama ≥900 ℃.
Ana tattara iskar gas da aka samar da samfurin gwajin ta hanyar kwalban wanke gas mai dauke da 450ml (PH darajar 6.5 ± 1.0; conductivity ≤0.5μS / mm) ruwa mai tsabta.Zagayen gwaji: 30min.Abubuwan da ake buƙata: PH≥4.3;conductivity ≤10μS/mm.
Cl da Br abun ciki
Samfurin jeri: 16h, zazzabi (21 ~ 25) ℃, zafi (45 ~ 55)%.Samfura guda biyu, kowanne (500 ~ 1000) MG, an murƙushe su zuwa 0.1mg.
The iska kwarara kudi ne (0.0157˙D2) l˙h-1 ± 10%, da samfurin ne uniformly mai tsanani zuwa (800 ± 10) ℃ na 40min kuma kiyaye for 20min.
Ana amfani da iskar gas da aka samar da samfurin gwajin ta hanyar kwalban wanke gas mai dauke da 220ml / yanki 0.1M sodium hydroxide bayani;Ana zuba ruwan kwalaban wanke gas guda biyu a cikin kwalbar volumetric, sannan a wanke kwalbar gas din da kayan aikinta da ruwa mai tsafta sannan a zuba a cikin kwalbar volumetric zuwa 1000ml.Bayan sanyaya zuwa dakin da zafin jiki, 200ml na maganin da aka gwada ana ɗigo a cikin kwalban volumetric tare da pipette, 4ml na nitric acid mai tattarawa, 20ml na nitrate na azurfa 0.1M, da 3ml na nitrobenzene, sannan ana motsawa har sai an ajiye fararen flocs;40% ammonium sulfate bayani mai ruwa-ruwa da ƴan digo na maganin nitric acid ana ƙara su gauraya gabaɗaya, a zuga tare da mai motsa jiki, kuma ana ƙara ammonium hydrogen sulfide titration bayani.
Bukatun: Matsakaicin ƙimar gwajin samfuran samfuran biyu: HCL≤0.5%;HBr≤0.5%;
Ƙimar gwajin kowane samfurin ≤ matsakaicin ƙimar gwajin samfuran samfuran biyu ± 10%.
F abun ciki
Saka 25-30 MG na samfurin abu a cikin akwati na oxygen 1L, ƙara 2-3 digo na alkanol, kuma ƙara 5 ml na 0.5M sodium hydroxide bayani.Bari samfurin ya ƙone, kuma a zubar da ragowar a cikin kofin aunawa na 50 ml ta hanyar kurkura kadan.
Mix 5 ml na maganin buffer a cikin samfurin samfurin kuma kurkura bayani zuwa alamar.Zana madaidaicin ma'auni don samun ƙwayar fluorine na maganin samfurin, kuma samun adadin adadin fluorine a cikin samfurin ta lissafi.
Bukatar: ≤0.1%.
Mechanical Properties na rufi da kwasfa kayan
Kafin tsufa, ƙarfin ƙarfi na rufi shine ≥6.5N / mm2, elongation a hutu shine ≥125%, ƙarfin ƙarfi na sheath shine ≥8.0N / mm2, kuma elongation a hutu shine ≥125%.
Bayan tsufa a (150 ± 2) ℃ da 7 × 24h, da canji kudi na tensile ƙarfi na rufi da kuma sheath kafin da kuma bayan tsufa ne ≤-30%, da kuma canjin kudi na elongation a karya na rufi da sheath kafin da kuma bayan tsufa. ≤-30%
Gwajin elongation na thermal
A karkashin wani nauyin 20N / cm2, bayan samfurin an hõre wani thermal elongation gwajin a (200 ± 3) ℃ na 15min, da matsakaici darajar elongation na rufi da kwasfa kada ta zama mafi girma fiye da 100%, da kuma tsaka-tsaki. darajar karuwar nisa tsakanin layin alamar bayan an fitar da samfurin daga cikin tanda kuma sanyaya kada ya wuce 25% na nisa kafin a sanya samfurin a cikin tanda.
Rayuwar zafi
Dangane da yanayin Arrhenius na EN 60216-1 da EN60216-2, ma'aunin zafin jiki shine 120 ℃.Lokaci 5000h.Adadin riƙewa na elongation a karya na rufi da sheath: ≥50%.Sa'an nan kuma yi gwajin lankwasawa a yanayin zafi.Diamita na sandan gwajin shine sau biyu na waje diamita na kebul.Bayan gwajin, kada a sami fashewar gani a saman kube.Rayuwar da ake buƙata: shekaru 25.
Da fatan za a ji daɗin tuntuɓar mu don ƙarin bayani kan igiyoyin hasken rana.
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Lokacin aikawa: Juni-20-2024
